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标题: 空气压缩机基础知识3 [打印本页]
作者: gaokecheng007    时间: 2006-10-6 23:39
标题: 空气压缩机基础知识3
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(14)</FONT>〖露点温度〗湿空气在等压力下冷却，使空气里原来所含未饱和水蒸汽变成饱和水蒸汽的温度，或者说，当空气的温度降低到露点时，空气里原来所含未饱和水蒸汽就达到了饱和状态<FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT>即水蒸汽开始液化，有液体凝结出来<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>。<p></p></P>
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(15) </FONT>压缩机的铭牌流量是指自由空气的流量，气动元件的耗气量是指压缩空气的流量。其换算公式：<FONT face="Times New Roman">Q</FONT><SUB>自</SUB>＝<FONT face="Times New Roman">Q</FONT><SUB>压</SUB><FONT face="Times New Roman">*</FONT>ε<FONT face="Times New Roman">     m<SUP>3</SUP>/min<p></p></FONT></P>
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(16)</FONT>〖摄氏温度〗一个大气压下纯水的冰点为<FONT face="Times New Roman">0</FONT>度，沸点为<FONT face="Times New Roman">100</FONT>度，中间分为<FONT face="Times New Roman">100</FONT>等分，每等分代表<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>度，用<FONT face="Times New Roman"><SUP>0</SUP>C</FONT>表示。<p></p></P>
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(17)</FONT>〖华氏温度〗一个大气压下纯水的冰点为<FONT face="Times New Roman">32</FONT>度，沸点为<FONT face="Times New Roman">212</FONT>度，中间分为<FONT face="Times New Roman">180</FONT>等分，每等分代表<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>度，用<FONT face="Times New Roman"><SUP>0</SUP>F</FONT>表示。（<FONT face="Times New Roman">F</FONT>＝<FONT face="Times New Roman">9/5 C</FONT>＋<FONT face="Times New Roman">32</FONT>）<p></p></P>
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(18)</FONT>〖<FONT face="Times New Roman">SI</FONT>〗即<FONT face="Times New Roman">     </FONT>磅<FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT>平方英寸（<FONT face="Times New Roman">lb/in<SUP>2</SUP></FONT>），<FONT face="Times New Roman">1atm(1</FONT>大气压<FONT face="Times New Roman">)=14.7 lb/in<SUP>2</SUP><p></p></FONT></P>
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(19)</FONT>〖<FONT face="Times New Roman">CFM</FONT>〗即<FONT face="Times New Roman">   </FONT>立方英尺<FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT>分钟（<FONT face="Times New Roman">Ft<SUP>3</SUP>/min</FONT>），<FONT face="Times New Roman">1m<SUP>3</SUP>/min=35.3CFM<p></p></FONT></P>
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(20)</FONT>〖<FONT face="Times New Roman">NCFM</FONT>〗即标准工况下的排气量。<p></p></P>
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(21)</FONT>〖<FONT face="Times New Roman">SCFM</FONT>〗压缩机的排气量换算为<FONT face="Times New Roman">14.7PSIA(</FONT>即<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>个大气压<FONT face="Times New Roman">[atm])</FONT>，<FONT face="Times New Roman">60<SUP>0</SUP>F<p></p></FONT></P>
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT>即<FONT face="Times New Roman">15<SUP>0</SUP>C)</FONT>下的空气量。<FONT face="Times New Roman">1NCFM=1.0571SCFM<p></p></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(22)</FONT>〖<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACFM</FONT>（<FONT face="Times New Roman">ICFM</FONT>）〗压缩机的排气量换算为实际吸气状态时的温度、压力下的空气量。<p></p></P>
<P ><v:rect></v:rect><v:rect></v:rect>五、电机或低压电器的外壳防护等级简介<p></p></P>
<P ><v:line></v:line><v:line></v:line><v:line></v:line><FONT face="Times New Roman"> IP      <p></p></FONT></P>
<P ><v:line><FONT face="Times New Roman"></FONT></v:line><FONT face="Times New Roman">                     </FONT>第二种防护，对水侵入的防护<p></p></P>
<P ><v:line></v:line>第一种防护，对固体异物的侵入，或人体及带电部分或运<FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>动部分的防护<p></p></P>
<P ><v:line></v:line><FONT face="Times New Roman">                      </FONT>防护标志<p></p></P>
<TABLE  cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1>

<TR>
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center>防护等级<p></p></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P  align=center>第一种防护<p></p></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P  align=center>第二种防护<p></p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">0<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P >无专门的防护<p></p></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P >无专门的防护<p></p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">1<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P >防护大于<FONT face="Times New Roman">50mm</FONT>的固体<p></p></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P >防滴<p></p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">2<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P >防护大于<FONT face="Times New Roman">12mm</FONT>的固体<p></p></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">15<SUP>0</SUP></FONT>防滴<p></p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">3<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P >防护大于<FONT face="Times New Roman">2.5mm</FONT>的固体<p></p></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P >防淋水<p></p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">4<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P >防护大于<FONT face="Times New Roman">1mm</FONT>的固体<p></p></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P >防溅<p></p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">5<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P >防尘<p></p></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P >防喷水<p></p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">6<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P >尘密<p></p></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P >防海浪或防强力喷水<p></p></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">7<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">/<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P >浸入<p></p></P></TD></TR>
<TR >
<TD  vAlign=top width=96>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">8<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=224>
<P  align=center><FONT face="Times New Roman">/<p></p></FONT></P></TD>
<TD  vAlign=top width=232>
<P >潜水<p></p></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P ><p><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></p></P>
<P >六、换算公式及其它事项<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(1) </FONT>压差与轴功率的换算关系<FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT>正比关系<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>：<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">1 </FONT>Δ<FONT face="Times New Roman">P(PSI</FONT>表压<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>＝<FONT face="Times New Roman">0.5% BHP<p></p></FONT></P>
<P >即每升高或降低<FONT face="Times New Roman">1PSI(</FONT>表压<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>的压力，空压机的轴功率<FONT face="Times New Roman">(BHP)</FONT><B >升高</B>或<B >降低</B><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.5%     </FONT>。<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(2) </FONT>压差与流量的换算关系<FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT>反比关系<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>：<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">1 </FONT>Δ<FONT face="Times New Roman">P(PSI</FONT>表压<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>＝<FONT face="Times New Roman">0.075% CFM<p></p></FONT></P>
<P >即每升高或降低<FONT face="Times New Roman">1PSI(</FONT>表压<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>的压力，空压机的排气量<FONT face="Times New Roman">(CFM)</FONT><B >降低</B>或<B >升高</B><FONT face="Times New Roman">0.075% </FONT>。<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">(3) </FONT>摄氏温标与华氏温标的换算关系：<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">F=9/5 C+32           </FONT>或<FONT face="Times New Roman">C=5/9(F-32)<p></p></FONT></P>
<P >（<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>）储气罐的作用及容积选择：<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">a)        </FONT>平衡气流脉动与压力<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">b)       </FONT>分离冷凝水<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">c)       </FONT>存储压缩空气<p></p></P>
<P >储气罐的容积选择：<p></p></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">a)        Q&lt;6m<SUP>3</SUP>/min</FONT>时，<FONT face="Times New Roman">V<SUB>c</SUB></FONT>＝<FONT face="Times New Roman">0.2Q<p></p></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">b)       Q</FONT>＝<FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT>～<FONT face="Times New Roman">30 m<SUP>3</SUP>/min</FONT>时，<FONT face="Times New Roman">V<SUB>c</SUB></FONT>＝<FONT face="Times New Roman">0.15Q<p></p></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">c)       Q&gt;30 m<SUP>3</SUP>/min</FONT>时，<FONT face="Times New Roman">V<SUB>c</SUB></FONT>＝<FONT face="Times New Roman">0.1Q<p></p></FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=5><FONT face="Times New Roman">  </FONT>（<FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT>）电机的出线方式是从正对着轴伸端方向看，引出线从右边出即为右</FONT></P>
<P ><FONT size=5><FONT face="Times New Roman">     </FONT>出线（常见），引出线从左边出即为左出线。</FONT></P>
<P >在电频率为<FONT face="Times New Roman">50Hz</FONT>时：<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>极电机的同步转速为<FONT face="Times New Roman">3000</FONT>转<FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT>分钟；<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>极电机的<p></p></P>
<P >同步转速为<FONT face="Times New Roman">1500rpm</FONT>。<p></p></P>
<P >在电频率为<FONT face="Times New Roman">60Hz</FONT>时：<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>极电机的同步转速为<FONT face="Times New Roman">3600</FONT>转<FONT face="Times New Roman">/</FONT>分钟；<FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT>极电机的<p></p></P>
<P >同步转速为<FONT face="Times New Roman">1800rpm</FONT>。<p></p></P><BR  clear=all>
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